Robert Burns (December 12, 1792 – June 26, 1866) was a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire.
Born in Hudson, New Hampshire, Burns moved with his parents in childhood to Rumney in Grafton County. He studied medicine in Warren, New Hampshire, taught school, then attended Dartmouth Medical School in 1815. He returned to Warren and commenced the practice of medicine. He moved 20 miles south to Hebron in 1818 and continued the practice of his profession until 1835. He became a fellow of the New Hampshire Medical Society in 1824 and served as member of the New Hampshire Senate in 1831.
Burns was elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1837). He continued the practice of medicine in Plymouth, New Hampshire, until his death June 26, 1866. He was interred in the churchyard of Trinity Church, Holderness, New Hampshire.